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Working principle of a streak camera. A streak camera is an instrument for measuring the variation in a pulse of light's intensity with time. They are used to measure the pulse duration of some ultrafast laser systems and for applications such as time-resolved spectroscopy and LIDAR.
The principle is named after Austrian army Captain Theodor Scheimpflug, who used it in devising a systematic method and apparatus for correcting perspective distortion in aerial photographs, although Captain Scheimpflug himself credits Jules Carpentier with the rule, thus making it an example of Stigler's law of eponymy.
As a result, one can place a camera after the knife edge such that the image of the object will exhibit intensity variations due to the deflections of the rays. The result is a set of lighter and darker patches corresponding to positive and negative fluid density gradients in the direction normal to the knife edge.
High-speed video cameras are widely used for scientific research, [4] [5] military test and evaluation, [6] and industry. [7] Examples of industrial applications are filming a manufacturing line to better tune the machine, or in the car industry filming a crash test to investigate the effect on the crash dummy passengers and the automobile ...
The principles of capturing vertical photographs are shown in Figure 2. [3] [4] Two major axes which originate from the camera lens are included. [3] One is the vertical axis which is always at 90° to the study area. [3] Another one is the camera axis which changes with the angle of the camera. [3]
The Maddox rod is a handheld instrument composed of red parallel plano convex cylinder lens, which refracts light rays so that a point source of light is seen as a line or streak of light. [2] Due to the optical properties, the streak of light is seen perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. [3] Maddox rod and pen torch used in Maddox rod testing
Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is a non-intrusive optical flow measurement technique used to study fluid flow patterns and velocities. PIV has found widespread applications in various fields of science and engineering, including aerodynamics, combustion, oceanography, and biofluids.
Computational photography can improve the capabilities of a camera, or introduce features that were not possible at all with film-based photography, or reduce the cost or size of camera elements. Examples of computational photography include in-camera computation of digital panoramas , [ 6 ] high-dynamic-range images , and light field cameras .