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Heterosis or hybrid vigor, on the other hand, is the tendency of outbred strains to exceed both inbred parents in fitness. Selective breeding of plants and animals, including hybridization, began long before there was an understanding of underlying scientific principles.
Heterozygote advantage is a major underlying mechanism for heterosis, or "hybrid vigor", which is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring.
In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction. Generally, it means that each cell has genetic material from two different organisms, whereas an individual where some cells are derived from a different organism is called a ...
In many cases the resulting adult wolfdog may be larger than either of its parents due to the genetic phenomenon of heterosis (commonly known as hybrid vigor). [25] Breeding experiments in Germany with poodles and wolves, and later on with the resulting wolfdogs showed unrestricted fertility, mating via free choice and no significant problems ...
The word dzo technically refers to a male hybrid, while a female is known as a dzomo or zhom. In Mongolian, it is called a khainag (хайнаг). There is also the English portmanteau term of yattle—a combination of the words yak and cattle, [1] as well as yakow [2] [3] —a combination of the words yak and cow.
Hybrid Rice. Hybrid rice is a type of Asian rice that has been crossbred from two very different parent varieties. [1] As with other types of hybrids, hybrid rice typically displays heterosis or "hybrid vigor", so when grown under the same conditions as comparable purebred rice varieties, it can produce up to 30% more yield. [2]
Hybrid vigor in the first generation can, in some circumstances, be strong enough to mask the effects of outbreeding depression. An example of this is that plant breeders will make F 1 hybrids from purebred strains, which will improve the uniformity and vigor of the offspring; however, the F 2 generation are not used for further breeding ...
A proposed adaptive advantage of outcrossing is complementation, which is the masking of deleterious recessive alleles [5] [6] (see hybrid vigor or heterosis). The selective advantage of complementation may largely account for the avoidance of inbreeding (see kin recognition). However animals often do not avoid inbreeding. [7]