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The origin of the name "Damascus Steel" is contentious. Islamic scholars al-Kindi (full name Abu Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, circa 800 CE – 873 CE) and al-Biruni (full name Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, circa 973 CE – 1048 CE) both wrote about swords and steel made for swords, based on their surface appearance, geographical location of production or forging, or the name of the ...
For example, when creating pattern-welded steel by filling a steel canister with pieces of metal and powdered steel and forging it together into a single mass ("canister damascus steel,") smiths frequently coat the inside of the canister with correction fluid and let it dry before adding their materials.
In 2009, Crucible Steel introduced an update to CPM-S30V to meet the needs of renowned knife maker Chris Reeve that they called CPM-S35VN. The addition of 0.5% Niobium, and reductions in both Carbon (from 1.45% to 1.40%) and Vanadium (from 4% to 3%) produced an alloy with 25% increase in measured Charpy V-notch toughness over S30V (Crucible claims 15-20% improvement).
High-pressure gas atomizes the liquid stream into a spray which rapidly cools the steel into a uniform powder. The powder then goes into high-pressure containers and is heated at forge temperatures to press the powder into ingots; this is known as hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and the resulting metal is uniform. [ 9 ]
A billet is a length of metal that has a round or square cross-section, with an area less than 36 in 2 (230 cm 2). Billets are created directly via continuous casting or extrusion or indirectly via hot rolling an ingot or bloom. [1] [2] [4] Billets are further processed via profile rolling and drawing. Final products include bar stock and wire. [3]
There are four types of materials available: O-1 tool steel, A-2 tool steel, A-6 tool steel, and 1018 steel (low-carbon or low-carb steel). Lengths are either 18 or 36 in (457 or 914 mm) long, various widths up to 16 in (406 mm) are available, and thicknesses range from 1 ⁄ 64 to 2.875 in (0.40 to 73.03 mm).
A2 stainless steel outside the US, in accordance with ISO 3506 for fasteners. [4] 18/8 and 18/10 stainless steel (also written 18-8 and 18-10) in the commercial tableware and fastener industries. SUS304 the Japanese JIS G4303 equivalent grade. 1.4301, the EN 10088 equivalent. [5] 06Cr19Ni10 and ISC S30408, the equivalent in Chinese GB/T 20878 ...
Mill scale is a complex oxide that contains around 70% iron with traces of nonferrous metals and alkaline compounds. Reduced iron powder may be obtained by conversion of mill scale into a single highest oxide i.e. hematite (Fe 2 O 3) followed by reduction with hydrogen.
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