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Paraben discharge into the environment is common due to its ubiquitous use in cosmetic products. A 2010 study on consumer available personal care products revealed that 44% of the tested products contain parabens. [17] When washing these products off the human body, they flow down the drain and into community wastewater.
Methylparaben is an anti-fungal agent often used in a variety of cosmetics and personal-care products. It is also used as a food preservative and has the E number E218. Methylparaben is commonly used as a fungicide in Drosophila food media at 0.1%. [ 5 ]
It has been used in cosmetic products since the 1940s and in pharmaceutical products since 1924. [6] The popularity of butylparaben in these products is due to its low toxicity in humans and its effective antimicrobial properties, in particular those against mold and yeast. [ 7 ]
Ingredients of cosmetic products are listed following International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI). These INCI names often differ greatly from systematic chemical nomenclature or from more common trivial names. The below tables are sorted as follows:
In the U.S., under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, certain accurate information is a requirement to appear on labels of cosmetic products. [6] In Canada, the regulatory guideline is the Cosmetic Regulations. [7] Ingredient names must comply by law with EU requirements by using INCI names. [8]
Propylparaben (also spelled propyl paraben) is the n-propyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.It occurs as a natural substance found in many plants and some insects. Additionally, it can be manufactured synthetically for use in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. [1]
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The term cosmetic packaging is used for containers (primary packaging) and secondary packaging of fragrances and cosmetic products. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Cosmetic products are substances intended for human cleansing, beautifying and promoting an enhanced appearance without altering the body's structure or functions.