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In seismology, a tsunami earthquake is an earthquake which triggers a tsunami of significantly greater magnitude, as measured by shorter-period seismic waves. The term was introduced by Japanese seismologist Hiroo Kanamori in 1972. [1] Such events are a result of relatively slow rupture velocities. They are particularly dangerous as a large ...
Severe shaking from this earthquake was recorded from the Bōsō Peninsula in the northeast to the Kii Peninsula in the southwest. A tsunami was recorded in Suruga Bay and at Kamakura, where it destroyed the building housing the statue of the Great Buddha at Kōtoku-in, [9] although the statue itself survived and has remained outdoors ever since.
Diagram showing how earthquakes can generate a tsunami. Tsunamis in lakes can be generated by fault displacement beneath or around lake systems. Faulting shifts the ground in a vertical motion through reverse, normal or oblique strike slip faulting processes, this displaces the water above causing a tsunami (Figure 1).
A massive tsunami with waves up to 30 m (100 ft) high, known as the Boxing Day Tsunami after the Boxing Day holiday, or as the Asian Tsunami, [10] devastated communities along the surrounding coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries, violently in Aceh , and severely in Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu , and Khao Lak ...
Storegga tsunami deposits (grey upper layer), bracketed by peat (dark brown layers), taken at Maryton on the Montrose Basin, Scotland. At, or shortly before, the time of the Second Storegga Slide, a land bridge known to archaeologists and geologists as Doggerland linked Britain, Denmark and the Netherlands across what is now the southern North Sea.
The slide had an estimated volume of 60,000,000 m 3 (2.1 × 10 9 cu ft). Numerical modelling of a landslide successfully reproduced most of the tsunami observations. [4] The first tsunami wave, measuring 0.3 m (1 ft 0 in), struck Beqa some thirty seconds after the earthquake. Fifteen minutes later, a 1.2–1.5 m (3 ft 11 in – 4 ft 11 in) wave ...
The 1611 Sanriku earthquake (慶長三陸地震, Keichō Sanriku Jishin) occurred on December 2, 1611, with an epicenter off the Sanriku coast in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The magnitude of the earthquake was 8.1 M s. [1] [3] It triggered a devastating tsunami. A description of this event in an official diary from 1612 is probably the first ...
The 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake occurred on November 15 at 8:14:16 pm JST with a M w magnitude of 8.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IV (Light) and a maximum Shindo intensity of JMA 2. This megathrust earthquake was the largest event in the central Kuril Islands since 1915 and generated a small tsunami that affected the northern Japanese ...