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The Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS), developed by Lewis and Simons (2010), measures a language's status in terms of endangerment or development. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The table below shows the various levels on the scale:
One of the earliest is GIDS (Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale) proposed by Joshua Fishman in 1991. [19] In 2011 an entire issue of Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development was devoted to the study of ethnolinguistic vitality, Vol. 32.2, 2011, with several authors presenting their own tools for measuring language vitality.
Joshua Fishman (Yiddish: שיקל פֿישמאַן — Shikl Fishman; July 18, 1926 – March 1, 2015) was an American linguist who specialized in the sociology of language, language planning, bilingual education, and language and ethnicity.
YouTube Kids has faced criticism from advocacy groups, particularly the Fairplay Organization, for concerns surrounding the app's use of commercial advertising, as well as algorithmic suggestions of videos that may be inappropriate for the app's target audience, as the app has been associated with a controversy surrounding disturbing or violent ...
On October 25, 2000, the live video album Kioku no Zōdai (記憶の増大) was released, cataloging many rare videos of live performances Fishmans made over the years with Sato. The following month, a live event was held at Shinjuku Liquid Room to synchronize with the video performances where a band played over the video, including Motegi on ...
L. Ron Hubbard died from a stroke on January 24, 1986, the church announced to the media. [12] [13] He had not been seen publicly since May 1980. [14]Several weeks later, his death was announced to parishioners by David Miscavige, who stated that Hubbard had completed all of his research into the OT I-VIII levels, but researching the remaining levels (IX-XV) can only be done "outside the body ...
On December 28, 1998, the last day of the Otokotachi no Wakare tour, Fishmans would perform their final concert at Akasaka Blitz.While initially intended as a farewell to bassist Yuzuru Kashiwabara, who was departing from the band, it ultimately served as a farewell to frontman Shinji Sato and to Fishmans as a whole, as Sato suddenly died within months, more or less ending the band as they did ...
The player plays as a puppet who is locked in a recursive lighthouse: The main room of the lighthouse contains a scale model of the lighthouse, with another smaller puppet mirroring the player's actions in it, and the lighthouse itself is contained in a larger copy of the lighthouse main room, also with a larger puppet. As the lighthouses ...