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Iron(III) oxide in a vial. Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Fe 2 O 3. It occurs in nature as the mineral hematite, which serves as the primary source of iron for the steel industry. It is also known as red iron oxide, especially when used in pigments.
Ferric oxide, commonly called rust, is a very complicated material that contains iron(III). Iron(III) is found in many minerals and solids, e.g., oxide Fe 2 O 3 (hematite) and iron(III) oxide-hydroxide FeO(OH) are extremely insoluble reflecting their polymeric structure. Rust is a mixture of iron(III) oxide and oxide-hydroxide that usually ...
In Stock nomenclature, which is commonly used for inorganic compounds, the oxidation state is represented by a Roman numeral placed after the element name inside parentheses or as a superscript after the element symbol, e.g. Iron(III) oxide. The term oxidation was first used by Antoine Lavoisier to signify the reaction of a substance with oxygen.
Ionic radius, r ion, is the radius of a monatomic ion in an ionic crystal structure. Although neither atoms nor ions have sharp boundaries, they are treated as if they were hard spheres with radii such that the sum of ionic radii of the cation and anion gives the distance between the ions in a crystal lattice.
The mass-to-charge ratio (m/Q) is a physical quantity relating the mass (quantity of matter) and the electric charge of a given particle, expressed in units of kilograms per coulomb (kg/C). It is most widely used in the electrodynamics of charged particles , e.g. in electron optics and ion optics .
Iron(II) complexes are less stable than iron(III) complexes but the preference for O-donor ligands is less marked, so that for example [Fe(NH 3) 6] 2+ is known while [Fe(NH 3) 6] 3+ is not. They have a tendency to be oxidized to iron(III) but this can be moderated by low pH and the specific ligands used. [72]
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The iron compounds produced on the largest scale in industry are iron(II) sulfate (FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl 3). The former is one of the most readily available sources of iron(II), but is less stable to aerial oxidation than Mohr's salt ( (NH 4 ) 2 Fe(SO 4 ) 2 ·6H 2 O ).