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In the Cham–Vietnamese War (1471), Champa suffered serious defeats at the hands of the Vietnamese, in which 120,000 people were either captured or killed. 50 members of the Cham royal family and some 20–30,000 were taken prisoners and deported, including the king of Champa Tra Toan, who died along his way to the north in captivity.
Climate data for Chiêm Hóa Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 32.6 (90.7) 34.8 (94.6) 37.5 (99.5)
The Chams (Cham: ꨌꩌ, چام, cam), or Champa people (Cham: ꨂꨣꩃ ꨌꩌꨛꨩ, اوراڠ چمڤا, Urang Campa; [8] Vietnamese: Người Chăm or Người Chàm; Khmer: ជនជាតិចាម, Chônchéatĕ Cham), are an Austronesian ethnic group in Southeast Asia and are the original inhabitants of central Vietnam and coastal Cambodia before the arrival of the Cambodians and ...
[55] [56] And while the Chinese saw Shi Xie as "frontier guardian", the Vietnamese considered him the head of regional ruling-class society. According to Taylor (1983): According to Taylor (1983): He was the first of many such people to emerge as strong regional leaders who nurtured the local society in the context of Chinese civilization.
The name Phan Rang or in modern Cham Pan(da)rang is an indigenous Chamized form of the original Sanskrit Pāṇḍuraṅga (another epithet for the Hindu god Vithoba). [3] It first appeared on Cham inscriptions around the tenth century as Paṅrauṅ or Panrāṅ, [4] and after that, it has been Vietnamese transliterated into Phan Rang. [5]
After the Champa king Maha Sajan or Tra-Toan, attacked Hoa-chau in 1469, Đại Việt emperor Lê Thánh Tông led a retaliatory invasion the following year with a vanguard fleet of 100,000 men, followed by 150,000 support civilians and settlers more ten days later. Vijaya was captured in 1471, along with Tra-Toan and 30,000 other Cham, while ...
By the 14th century, the Đại Việt kingdom began experiencing a long decline. The population is estimated to have grown from 1.2 million in 1200 to perhaps 2.4 million in 1340. [106] The transitional decade (1326–36) from the end of the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age severely affected the climate of the Red River Delta. [107]
It is grown on 1,300 ha (as of 2007) [9] in the central part of the province west and north-east of Phan Rang [8] with an output of 3,300 t, or 10.3% of Vietnam's total output. The province also harvested 200 t in 2007, 1.2% of the national total. [10] Other less significant crops include cashew nuts, sugar-cane, peanuts, and coconuts.