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The history of education extends at least as far back as the first written records recovered from ancient civilizations. Historical studies have included virtually every nation. [1][2][3] The earliest known formal school was developed in Egypt's Middle Kingdom under the direction of Kheti, treasurer to Mentuhotep II (2061-2010 BC).
The rapid expansion of education past age 14 set the U.S. apart from Europe for much of the 20th century. [82] From 1910 to 1940, high schools grew in number and size, reaching out to a broader clientele. In 1910, for example, 9% of Americans had a high school diploma; in 1935, the rate was 40%. [190]
The Supreme Court of the United States has made several rulings regarding evolution in public education. In reaction to the Epperson case, creationists in Louisiana passed a law requiring that public schools should give "equal time" to "alternative theories" of origin. The Supreme Court ruled in 1987 in Edwards v.
The movement for compulsory public education (in other words, prohibiting private schools and requiring all children to attend public schools) in the United States began in the early 1920s. It started with the Smith-Towner bill, a bill that would eventually establish the National Education Association and provide federal funds to public schools ...
The public education system does provide the classes needed to obtain a GED (General Education Development) and obtain a job or pursue higher education. [59] The largest public school system in the United States is in New York City, where more than one million students are taught in 1,200 separate public schools.
A common school was a public school in the United States during the 19th century. Horace Mann (1796–1859) was a strong advocate for public education and the common school. In 1837, the state of Massachusetts appointed Mann as the first secretary of the State Board of Education [1] where he began a revival of common school education, the effects of which extended throughout America during the ...
Horace Mann (May 4, 1796 – August 2, 1859) was an American educational reformer, slavery abolitionist and Whig politician known for his commitment to promoting public education, he is thus also known as The Father of American Education. [1] In 1848, after public service as Secretary of the Massachusetts State Board of Education, Mann was ...
A school is both the educational institution and building designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is sometimes compulsory. [2] In these systems, students progress through a series of schools that can be ...