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There are many systems for the romanization of the Thai language, i.e. representing the language in Latin script. These include systems of transliteration, and transcription. The most seen system in public space is Royal Thai General System of Transcription (RTGS)—the official scheme promulgated by the Royal Thai Institute. It is based on ...
The general system should be in consonance with the principles of Thai grammar, orthography, and pronunciation. In selecting symbols or letters, account should be taken of existing types for printing and typewriting and of existing systems of transcription. The committee considered that for the general system, tone and quantity marks were unneeded.
Thai จันทร์ (spelled chanthr but pronounced chan /tɕān/ because the th and the r are silent) "moon" (Sanskrit चन्द्र chandra) Thai phonology dictates that all syllables must end in a vowel, an approximant, a nasal, or a voiceless plosive. Therefore, the letter written may not have the same pronunciation in the initial ...
The effect of these rules is that, except for nikkhahit, all the non-vowel marks attached to a consonant in Thai are attached to the consonant in the Roman transliteration. The standard concedes that attempting to transpose preposed vowels and consonants may be comforting to those used to the Roman alphabet , but recommends that preposed vowels ...
The Thai language lacks grammatical number.A count is usually expressed in the form of an uninflected noun followed by a number and a classifier. "Five teachers" is expressed as "teacher five person" khru ha khon (Thai: ครูห้าคน or with the numeral included Thai: ครู ๕ คน.)
The result of applying the rules described in the standard is almost identical to the transcription defined by the Royal Thai General System of Transcription. One exception is preceding a syllable initial vowel by ' , representing the Thai null consonant อ, obviating the need to insert a dash in some words to preserve syllable boundaries.
The lunar calendar (Thai: ปฏิทินจันทรคติ; RTGS: patithin chantharakhati) system is based on the cycles of the moon. A lunar month lasts about 291/2 days, and the year consists of 12 months with the occasional insertion of an extra month (13th month) to keep the lunar and solar years aligned.
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