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Trees can be girdled by climbing, twining, and ground-creeping (rampant) vines. There are several invasive species that harm trees in this way and cause significant damage to forest canopy and the health of ecosystems dependent on it. Oriental Bittersweet, Oriental Wisteria, and English Ivy all can damage and kill trees by girdling. [citation ...
According to the American Bird Conservancy, "Cats kill 1.3 to 4 billion birds each year in the U.S. alone." Additionally, "outdoor domestic cats are a recognized threat to global biodiversity.
Deterrent devices, such as sonic units and bird spikes, discourage birds from landing or roosting in an area by presenting a physical obstacle or causing discomfort and annoyance for the target bird. Exclusion devices are 100% effective when installed correctly, as they entirely prevent birds from physically entering the treated area.
A number of lethal techniques have been described for the killing of birds. Dead-fall traps, consisting of heavy slabs or branches, that fall onto the targets when they trigger it from below have been described from early times. A painting of such a trap for killing crows was made by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.
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Methods of damage prevention includes the placement of a mesh wire fence around the tree trunk, planting trees less palatable to beavers near shorelines, placing under-dam drainage systems to control water levels; and placing traps designed to kill instantly, as Alberta Environment and Parks does not allow the relocation of caught beavers to ...
2. Mimosa. These trees have feathery foliage and fluffy pink flowers, but they’re considered an invasive species, which means they outcompete and displace native trees and wildlife. They also ...
However, the mass killing of sparrows, in particular, had severe ecological consequences, leading to an increase in crop-eating insects. 1961: Official End of the Campaign In 1961, the Chinese government officially declared the end of the Four Pests Campaign. By this time, it was evident that the campaign had led to ecological imbalances and ...