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Skin cancer in Australia kills over 2,000 each year, with more than 750,000 diagnosed and treated. [1] Tanning became embedded in Australian culture and proved to be a controversial issue because of its popularity among teens and solarium users, [ 2 ] despite correlations between tanning and an increased risk of developing melanoma .
This is a list of countries by cancer frequency, as measured by the number of new cancer cases per 100,000 population among countries, based on the 2018 GLOBOCAN statistics and including all cancer types (some earlier statistics excluded non-melanoma skin cancer).
Australia and New Zealand have relatively high rates of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, thought to be due to combinations of fair-skinned population, temperate to subtropical locations and outdoor lifestyle with high sun exposure. [7]
Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. [2] Globally, in 2012, it newly occurred in 232,000 people. [2] In 2015, 3.1 million people had active disease, which resulted in 59,800 deaths. [5] [6] Australia and New Zealand have the highest rates of melanoma in the world. [2]
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, globally accounting for at least 40% of cancer cases. [5] [20] The most common type is nonmelanoma skin cancer, which occurs in at least 2–3 million people per year. [6] [21] This is a rough estimate; good statistics are not kept. [1]
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is the second-most common cancer of the skin (after basal-cell carcinoma, but more common than melanoma). It usually occurs in areas exposed to the sun. Sunlight exposure and immunosuppression are risk factors for SCC of the skin, with chronic sun exposure being the strongest environmental risk factor. [26]
Cancer Council Australia is a national, nonprofit organisation which aims to promote cancer-control policies and to reduce the illness caused by cancer in Australia.It advises various groups, including the government, on cancer-related issues, acts as an advocate for cancer patients and their friends, and is a major funding contributor towards health research, prevention and education.
Basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), also known as basal-cell cancer, basalioma [7] or rodent ulcer, [8] is the most common type of skin cancer. [2] It often appears as a painless raised area of skin, which may be shiny with small blood vessels running over it. [1] It may also present as a raised area with ulceration. [1]