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The infantry line was near equal to the Romans' in length as, although Pyrrhus had a small advantage in number, the phalanx was by design deeper than the legion. The phalanxes made seven attacks, but failed to pierce the legion. It had met a foe that was stronger than any it had ever encountered.
[12] For their volume on the birth of the Chinese Empire, a team of Sinologists recruited a Roman Historian, Alexander Yakobson, to compare the First Emperors in the Roman and Chinese world. The choice, they explained, is not casual. "Few figures in world history can be compared to the [Chinese] First Emperor as meaningfully as can Augustus."
Battle of Zama Part of the Second Punic War Date 202 BC Location Zama, North Africa (near modern Siliana, Tunisia) Result Roman victory Belligerents Rome Carthage Commanders and leaders Publius Cornelius Scipio Hannibal Strength c. 30,000 c. 24,000 infantry c. 6,000 cavalry 40,000 or 50,000 36,000 or 46,000 infantry 4,000 cavalry 80 war elephants Casualties and losses At least 1,500 killed ...
The Romans forced Nabis to abandon Argos and most of the coastal cities of Laconia. [8] The Romans formed all the cities that had broken off from Sparta on the Laconian coast into the Union of Free Laconians. [9] However, the Romans didn't strip Nabis of his powers because they wanted a state in the Peloponnese to counter the growing Achaean ...
The Seleucids were much stronger than the Macedonians had ever been, given that they controlled much of the former Persian Empire, and by this point had almost entirely reassembled Alexander the Great's former empire. [22] Fearing the worst, the Romans began a major mobilization, all but pulling out of recently pacified Spain and Gaul. [22]
The territorial evolution of the Eastern Roman Empire under each imperial dynasty until its demise in 1453. Following the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century, Roman civilization endured in the remaining eastern half of the Roman Empire, often termed by historians as the Byzantine Empire (though it self-identified simply as the "Roman Empire").
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
The Romans pursued, but were in turn thrown back by the Carthaginian reserve force on duty at the camp. Roman reinforcements were called in, eventually amounting to all 4,000 of their cavalry and 6,000 light infantry. How many Carthaginians were involved is unclear, but a large, fast-moving conflict sprawled across the plain.