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Because of the proximity of the Mars moons to Mars, any mission to them may also be considered a mission to Mars from some perspectives. Past missions Three missions to land on Phobos have been launched; the Soviet Phobos program in the late 1980s saw the launch of Phobos 1 and Phobos 2 , while the Russian Fobos-Grunt sample return mission was ...
The Johnson Space Center is home to Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center (MCC-H), the NASA control center that coordinates and monitors all human spaceflight for the United States. MCC-H directed all Space Shuttle missions, and currently directs American activities aboard the International Space Station.
Comparison of NASA Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and Space Shuttle spacecraft with their launch vehicles. This is a list of NASA missions, both crewed and robotic, since the establishment of NASA in 1957. There are over 80 currently active science missions. [1]
Near-Earth Object Mission in the InfraRed (NEOMIR). 2030 (TBD) [17] Ariane 64: Kourou ELA-4: Arianespace: Earth Return Orbiter (ERO) ESA: Areocentric: Mars sample-return Orbiter component of the NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return. It will collect the sample return canister delivered into orbit by the Mars Ascent Vehicle and carry it back to Earth. [16 ...
Shorter Mars mission plans have round-trip flight times of 400 to 450 days, [11] or under 15 months for an opposition-class expedition, but would require significantly higher energy. A fast Mars mission of 245 days (8.0 months) round trip could be possible with on-orbit staging. [12]
Musk has made statements on several occasions about aspirational dates for Starship's earliest possible Mars landing, [31] including in 2022, that a crewed mission to Mars could take place no earlier than 2029. [32] SpaceX's early missions to Mars are to involve small fleets of Starship spacecraft, funded by public–private partnerships. [33]
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER), started in 2003, was a robotic space mission involving two rovers, Spirit (MER-A) and Opportunity, (MER-B) that explored the Martian surface geology. The mission's scientific objective was to search for and characterize a wide range of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity on Mars.
The United States has developed many space programs since the beginning of the spaceflight era in the mid-20th century. The government runs space programs by three primary agencies: NASA for civil space; the United States Space Force for military space; and the National Reconnaissance Office for intelligence space. These entities have invested ...