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Here [Ne] refers to the core electrons which are the same as for the element neon (Ne), the last noble gas before phosphorus in the periodic table. The valence electrons (here 3s 2 3p 3) are written explicitly for all atoms.
As a result of a full shell, the noble gases can be used in conjunction with the electron configuration notation to form the noble gas notation. To do this, the nearest noble gas that precedes the element in question is written first, and then the electron configuration is continued from that point forward. For example, the electron notation of ...
Scandium is only the 50th most common element on Earth (35th most abundant element in the crust), but it is the 23rd most common element in the Sun [17] and the 26th most abundant element in the stars. [18] However, scandium is distributed sparsely and occurs in trace amounts in many minerals. [19]
These are notations for describing states of singly excited atoms, especially noble gas atoms. Racah notation is basically a combination of LS or Russell–Saunders coupling and J 1 L 2 coupling. LS coupling is for a parent ion and J 1 L 2 coupling is for a coupling of the parent ion and the excited electron. The parent ion is an unexcited part ...
For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used. The electron configuration can be visualized as the core electrons, equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, and the valence electrons: each element in a period differs only by the last few subshells. Phosphorus, for instance, is ...
Spectral lines of scandium: Other properties; Natural occurrence: primordial: Crystal structure ... E172 would be the end of period 8 ("noble gas") and E173 would be ...
The group is also called the scandium group or scandium family after its lightest member. The chemistry of the group 3 elements is typical for early transition metals: they all essentially have only the group oxidation state of +3 as a major one, and like the preceding main-group metals are quite electropositive and have a less rich ...
Element Negative states Positive states Group Notes −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 Z; 1 hydrogen: H −1 +1: 1 2 helium: He 0 18