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Cut glass wine glass made of lead glass. Lead glass, commonly called crystal, is a variety of glass in which lead replaces the calcium content of a typical potash glass. [1] Lead glass contains typically 18–40% (by mass) lead(II) oxide (PbO), while modern lead crystal, historically also known as flint glass due to the original silica source, contains a minimum of 24% PbO. [2]
Lead ore, known as red lead, was a key additive for high–quality glassware, with England holding the world's known supply. [8] Note 2 ] The United States Embargo Act of 1807 , and the War of 1812 , made red lead extremely difficult to acquire.
In 1825 Kemlin and Lelièvre bought the site of the former Val-Saint-Lambert Abbey in Seraing near Liège on the river Meuse.There they founded a new glassworks (still in operation to this day, originally focused on heavy lead crystal), which initially employed some of the key workers from the former Vonêche glassworks. [1]
Crystal Leaf (1928) is in pink, green, and crystal colors and is a pattern with stylized leaves bordering the bottom and flowing up over the pieces made. Pieces include a tankard style jug, a fancy kitchen pitcher, a 5 oz. tumbler, a 9 oz. tumbler, and 12 oz. tumbler. This pattern was made for both bedroom and kitchen use.
The presence of lead in crystal softens the glass and makes it more accessible for cutting and engraving. Lead increases the weight of the glass and causes the glass to disperse light more. Glass can contain up to 40% lead, if maximum hardness is desired. On the other hand, crystal can contain less than 24% lead if it has a high proportion of ...
This pattern was produced in crystal from the 1930s until 1983. It was reissued as Maypole in the 1980s using colored glass. [58] Patterns can be a style of glass, an etching on the glass, or a cutting on the glass. [Note 10] Some of the most successful Fostoria patterns were American, Kashmir, June, Trojan, and Versailles. [55]