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  2. Eye chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_chart

    An eye chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity comprising lines of optotypes in ranges of sizes. Optotypes are the letters or symbols shown on an eye chart. [ 1 ] Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists , physicians and nurses , to screen persons for vision impairment .

  3. List of optometric abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optometric...

    Visual acuity with Near chart without correctors Visual acuity with eye chart at Near 15.7 inches (400 mm) and without (sc: Latin sine correctore) correctors (spectacles); Ncc is with (cc: Latin cum correctore) correctors. See Visual_acuity#Legal_definitions: VA OS Left visual acuity VA OD Right visual acuity VDU Visual display unit VF Visual field

  4. Amsler grid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsler_grid

    Amsler grid, Chart 1. There are 7 types of Amsler grid charts. All charts measure 10 cm × 10 cm (3.9 in × 3.9 in), which when viewed at a distance of 33 cm (13 in) from the eye can be used to measure defects in the central 20 degrees of the visual field. [3]

  5. Snellen chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snellen_chart

    The largest letter on an eye chart often represents an acuity of 6/60 (20/200), the value that is considered "legally blind" in the US. Many individuals with high myopia cannot read the large E without glasses, but can read the 6/6 (20/20) line or 6/4.5 (20/15) line with glasses. By contrast, legally blind individuals have a visual acuity of 6/ ...

  6. Near visual acuity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_visual_acuity

    Near visual acuity or near vision is a measure of how clearly a person can see nearby small objects or letters.Visual acuity in general usually refers clarity of distance vision, and is measured using eye charts like Snellen chart, LogMAR chart etc. Near vision is usually measured and recorded using a printed hand-held card containing different sized paragraphs, words, letters or symbols.

  7. List of instruments used in ophthalmology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_instruments_used...

    ••Snellen's near chart (1/17th reduction of distant chart)-do-; standard chart of alphabets; video link •Colour vision: to test colour vision ••Ishihara's chart: to determine the type of colour blindness Stenopaeic slit: detection of axis of the cylindrical (astigmatism) power of the eye; glaucoma testing Implants - •Intraocular lens

  8. Fornix (neuroanatomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fornix_(neuroanatomy)

    The fornix (from Latin: fornix, lit. 'arch'; pl.: fornices) is a C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers in the brain that acts as the major output tract of the hippocampus. The fornix also carries some afferent fibers to the hippocampus from structures in the diencephalon and basal forebrain. The fornix is part of the limbic system. While its exact ...

  9. Optics and vision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics_and_vision

    The human eye is an organ which reacts to light for several purposes. As a conscious sense organ, the eye allows vision. Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and the perception of depth. The human eye can distinguish about 10 million colors. [3]