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The falx cerebelli is a small sickle-shaped fold of dura mater projecting forwards into the posterior cerebellar notch as well as projecting into the vallecula of the cerebellum between the two cerebellar hemispheres. [1] The name comes from two Latin words: falx, meaning "curved blade or scythe", and cerebellum, meaning "little brain". [2]
The first and third zones of the flocculus project to the superior vestibular nucleus, the second and fourth zones project to the medial vestibular nucleus, and the fifth zone projects to the interposed posterior nucleus, a part of the cerebellum. [2] The anatomy of the flocculus shows that it is composed of two disjointed lobes or halves.
The posterior lobe of cerebellum or neocerebellum is one of the lobes of the cerebellum, below the primary fissure.The posterior lobe is much larger than anterior lobe.The anterior lobe is separated from the posterior lobe by the primary fissure, and the posterolateral fissure separates flocculonodular lobe from the posterior lobe.
Afferents of the lobe are the vestibulocerebellar fibers arising from either the vestibular nuclei or the vestibular nerve/ganglion directly.. Vestibular organs → vestibular nerve/vestibular ganglion first-order fibers (→ vestibular nuclei (synapse) → second-order fibers) → juxtarestiform body of inferior cerebellar peduncle → (ipsilateral) flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum (synapse ...
The posterior external arcuate fibers carry proprioceptive information from the upper limbs and neck. It is an analogue to the dorsal spinocerebellar tract for the upper limbs. [7] In this context, the "cuneo-" derives from the accessory cuneate nucleus, not the cuneate nucleus. (The two nuclei are related in space, but not in function.)
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) is the largest branch of the vertebral artery. It is one of the three main arteries that supply blood to the cerebellum , a part of the brain . Blockage of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery can result in a type of stroke called lateral medullary syndrome .
The midbrain is the shortest segment of the brainstem, measuring less than 2cm in length. It is situated mostly in the posterior cranial fossa, with its superior part extending above the tentorial notch. [2] The principal regions of the midbrain are the tectum, the cerebral aqueduct, tegmentum, and the cerebral peduncles.
The internal auditory meatus provides a passage through which the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII), the facial nerve (CN VII), and the labyrinthine artery (an internal auditory branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery in 85% of people) can pass from inside the skull to structures of the inner ear and face.