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Universal numbering system. This is a dental practitioner view, so tooth number 1, the rear upper tooth on the patient's right, appears on the left of the chart. The Universal Numbering System, sometimes called the "American System", is a dental notation system commonly used in the United States. [1] [2]
The system uses two numbers to define each tooth. One to specify the quadrant, and one to specify the tooth within that quadrant. Orientation of the chart is traditionally "dentist's view", i.e. patient's right corresponds to notation chart left. The designations "left" and "right" on the chart below correspond to the patient's left and right.
Adult teeth are numbered 1 to 8, with deciduous (baby) teeth indicated by a letter A to E. Hence the left and right maxillary central incisor would have the same number, "1", but the right one would have the symbol "⏌" underneath it, while the left one would have "⎿".
The uppercase letters A through T are used for primary teeth and the numbers 1 – 32 are used for permanent teeth. The tooth designated "1" is the maxillary right third molar ("wisdom tooth") and the count continues along the upper teeth to the left side. Then the count begins at the mandibular left third molar, designated number 17, and ...
In the universal system of notation, the permanent mandibular second molars are designated by a number. The right permanent mandibular second molar is known as "31", and the left one is known as "18". In the Palmer notation, a number is used in conjunction with a symbol designating in which quadrant the tooth is found. For this tooth, the left ...
In the universal system of notation, the permanent mandibular first molars are designated by a number. The right permanent mandibular first molar is known as "30", and the left one is known as "19". The Palmer notation uses a number in conjunction with a symbol designating in which quadrant the tooth is found. For this tooth, the left and right ...
If it is a deciduous tooth that is being referred to, then a different number is used: upper right; upper left; lower left; lower right; The second and third numbers refer to the location of the tooth from front to back (or rostral to caudal). This starts at 01 and goes up to 11 for many species, depending on the total number of teeth.
The greatest number of teeth in any known placental land mammal [specify] was 48, with a formula of 3.1.5.3 3.1.5.3. [9] However, no living placental mammal has this number. In extant placental mammals, the maximum dental formula is 3.1.4.3 3.1.4.3 for pigs. Mammalian tooth counts are usually identical in the upper and lower jaws, but not always.