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Suppose two forces act on a particle at the origin (the "tails" of the vectors) of Figure 1.Let the lengths of the vectors F 1 and F 2 represent the velocities the two forces could produce in the particle by acting for a given time, and let the direction of each represent the direction in which they act.
The component of the force parallel to the motion, or equivalently, perpendicular to the line connecting the point of application to the axis is . The sum is over j {\displaystyle j} from 1 {\displaystyle 1} to N {\displaystyle N} particles and/or points of application.
The distance (or perpendicular distance) from a point to a line is the shortest distance from a fixed point to any point on a fixed infinite line in Euclidean geometry. It is the length of the line segment which joins the point to the line and is perpendicular to the line. The formula for calculating it can be derived and expressed in several ways.
This is also known as the vertex 1-center problem and can be extended to the vertex k-center problem. Finding the center of a graph is useful in facility location problems where the goal is to minimize the worst-case distance to the facility. For example, placing a hospital at a central point reduces the longest distance the ambulance has to ...
A parallel of a curve is the envelope of a family of congruent circles centered on the curve. It generalises the concept of parallel (straight) lines. It can also be defined as a curve whose points are at a constant normal distance from a given curve. [1]
Diagram of an educational toy that balances on a point: the center of mass (C) settles below its support (P) A body's center of gravity is the point around which the resultant torque due to gravity forces vanishes. [13] Where a gravity field can be considered to be uniform, the mass-center and the center-of-gravity will be the same.
A central force is a force (possibly negative) that points from the particle directly towards a fixed point in space, the center, and whose magnitude only depends on the distance of the object to the center. In a few important cases, the problem can be solved analytically, i.e., in terms of well-studied functions such as trigonometric functions.
The force and torque vectors that arise in applying Newton's laws to a rigid body can be assembled into a screw called a wrench. A force has a point of application and a line of action, therefore it defines the Plücker coordinates of a line in space and has zero pitch. A torque, on the other hand, is a pure moment that is not bound to a line ...