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Hypotonia is a state of low muscle tone [1] (the amount of tension or resistance to stretch in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength.
For example, a person can be high tone with normal to poor flexibility in most areas, but be able to put the palms of the hands on the floor with straight knees due to hypermobile sacroiliac joints. [ citation needed ] It is important to assess several areas before deciding if a person has high, low, or normal muscle tone.
Peripheral muscle fatigue during physical work is an inability for the body to supply sufficient energy or other metabolites to the contracting muscles to meet the increased energy demand. This is the most common case of physical fatigue—affecting a national [where?] average of 72% of adults in the work force in 2002. This causes contractile ...
In 2022, a JAMA Network Open cohort study of 8,279 older adults found that low muscle mass was linked with a faster drop in executive function, which are a set of skills that allow you to plan and ...
Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass. It can be caused by immobility, aging, malnutrition, medications, or a wide range of injuries or diseases that impact the musculoskeletal or nervous system. Muscle atrophy leads to muscle weakness and causes disability.
Diseases of the motor end plate include myasthenia gravis, a form of muscle weakness due to antibodies against acetylcholine receptor, [13] [14] and its related condition Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). [15] Tetanus and botulism are bacterial infections in which bacterial toxins cause increased or decreased muscle tone, respectively ...
As mentioned, the signs and symptoms of Pompe disease, such as poor muscle tone and an enlarged heart, are typical to other conditions too. [14] As such, a thorough and differential diagnosis by specialists can help to distinguish Pompe from other diseases with similar symptoms. [18]
Additionally, epidemiological research has indicated that early environmental influences may have long-term effects on muscle health. For example, low birth weight, a marker of a poor early environment, is associated with reduced muscle mass and strength in adult life. [11] [12] [13]