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Thus, the Fisher information may be seen as the curvature of the support curve (the graph of the log-likelihood). Near the maximum likelihood estimate, low Fisher information therefore indicates that the maximum appears "blunt", that is, the maximum is shallow and there are many nearby values with a similar log-likelihood. Conversely, high ...
A quantity undergoing exponential decay. Larger decay constants make the quantity vanish much more rapidly. This plot shows decay for decay constant (λ) of 25, 5, 1, 1/5, and 1/25 for x from 0 to 5. A quantity is subject to exponential decay if it decreases at a rate proportional to its current value.
The quantum Fisher information equals four times the variance for pure states [| ,] = (). For mixed states, when the probabilities are parameter independent, i.e., when () =, the quantum Fisher information is convex:
The exponential of a variable is denoted or , with the two notations used interchangeably. It is called exponential because its argument can be seen as an exponent to which a constant number e ≈ 2.718, the base, is raised. There are several other definitions of the exponential function, which are all equivalent ...
In information geometry, the Fisher information metric [1] is a particular Riemannian metric which can be defined on a smooth statistical manifold, i.e., a smooth manifold whose points are probability distributions. It can be used to calculate the distance between probability distributions. [2] The metric is interesting in several aspects.
Although the term skin effect is most often associated with applications involving transmission of electric currents, skin depth also describes the exponential decay of the electric and magnetic fields, as well as the density of induced currents, inside a bulk material when a plane wave impinges on it at normal incidence.
In information theory, the principle of minimum Fisher information (MFI) is a variational principle which, when applied with the proper constraints needed to reproduce empirically known expectation values, determines the best probability distribution that characterizes the system. (See also Fisher information.)
The Bures metric can be seen as the quantum equivalent of the Fisher information metric and can be rewritten in terms of the variation of coordinate parameters as [ D B ( ρ , ρ + d ρ ) ] 2 = 1 2 tr ( d ρ d θ μ L ν ) d θ μ d θ ν , {\displaystyle [D_{B}(\rho ,\rho +d\rho )]^{2}={\frac {1}{2}}{\mbox{tr}}\left({\frac {d\rho }{d\theta ...