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In neuroanatomy, a nucleus (pl.: nuclei) is a cluster of neurons in the central nervous system, [1] located deep within the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem. [2] The neurons in one nucleus usually have roughly similar connections and functions. [ 3 ]
Given the diversity of functions performed in different parts of the nervous system, there is a wide variety in their shape, size, and electrochemical properties. For instance, the soma of a neuron can vary from 4 to 100 micrometers in diameter. [7] The soma is the body of the neuron. As it contains the nucleus, most protein synthesis occurs ...
English: Complete neuron cell diagram. Neurons (also known as neurones and nerve cells) are electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that process and transmit information. In vertebrate animals, neurons are the core components of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
Neurons are the excitable cells of the brain that function by communicating with other neurons and interneurons (via synapses), in neural circuits and larger brain networks. The two main neuronal classes in the cerebral cortex are excitatory projection neurons (around 70-80%) and inhibitory interneurons (around 20–30%). [ 2 ]
A cranial nerve nucleus is a collection of neurons (gray matter) in the brain stem that is associated with one or more of the cranial nerves. Axons carrying information to and from the cranial nerves form a synapse first at these nuclei .
executive functions; ADHD; addiction; schizophrenia; Nigrostriatal pathway: The nigrostriatal pathway transmits dopaminergic neurons from the zona compacta of the substantia nigra [8] to the caudate nucleus and putamen. The substantia nigra is located in the midbrain, while both the caudate nucleus and putamen are located in the dorsal striatum ...
The nucleus basalis is the main neuromodulator of the basal forebrain and gives widespread cholinergic projections to the neocortex. [3] [1] The nucleus basalis is an essential part of the neuromodulatory system that controls behaviour by regulating arousal and attention. [1] The nucleus basalis is also seen to be a critical node in the memory ...
The PNS includes motor neurons, mediating voluntary movement; the autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system and regulating involuntary functions; and the enteric nervous system, a semi-independent part of the nervous system whose function is to control the gastrointestinal system.