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Like other gas-discharge lamps such as the very-similar mercury-vapor lamps, metal-halide lamps produce light by ionizing a mixture of gases in an electric arc.In a metal-halide lamp, the compact arc tube contains a mixture of argon or xenon, mercury, and a variety of metal halides, such as sodium iodide and scandium iodide. [7]
Streetlamp with a ceramic metal halide bulb Ceramic metal halide bulb with G12 socket. A ceramic metal-halide lamp (CMH), also generically known as a ceramic discharge metal-halide (CDM) lamp, [1] is a type of metal-halide lamp that is 10–20% more efficient than the traditional quartz metal halide [2] and produces a superior color rendition (80-96 CRI).
Hydrargyrum quartz iodide (HQI) is a trademark name of Osram's brand of metal halide lamps [1] made for general floodlighting, arena floodlighting, shop and commercial and industrial lighting. Hydrargyrum is the Latin name for the element mercury. When heated, mercury vapour is created inside the lamp, and deposited when it cools.
With HMI bulbs, color temperature varies significantly with lamp age. A new bulb generally will output at a color temperature close to 15,000 K during its first few hours. As the bulb ages, the color temperature reaches its nominal value of around 5600 K or 6000 K. With age, the arc length becomes larger as more of the electrodes burn away.
A sticker that is half-red and half-white indicates a pulse start metal halide lamp (PSMH). Green is also used on HPS units in Canada. Gray indicates that the fixture is of an LED type. In addition to being colour-coded, newer NEMA stickers also state the lamp type abbreviation just below the lamp's wattage (e.g. HPS, LED).
HID lamps produce different colors of light primarily through the use of various metal additives in the lamp's arc tube and the physics of the gas discharge process. [11] Metal Additives: HID lamps contain an arc tube filled with a mixture of gases, including a noble gas (like xenon). These metal additives are crucial for producing different ...