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Narrow-spectrum antibiotic allow to kill or inhibit only those bacteria species that are unwanted (i.e. causing disease). As such, it leaves most of the beneficial bacteria unaffected, hence minimizing the collateral damage on the microbiota. [2] [3] Low propensity for bacterial resistance development. [4]
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.
This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class. Antibiotics are listed alphabetically within their class or subclass by their nonproprietary name. If an antibiotic is a combination drug, both ingredients will be listed.
Due to their narrow spectrum, monobactams can be used to treat infections by susceptible bacteria without disrupting the patient's microbiota. [2] Monobactams are nevertheless seldom used. [2] [6] Other monobactams include tigemonam, [7] nocardicin A, carumonam and tabtoxin.
Sarecycline is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic. [56] [57] Omadacycline: 16+ hours (long) (formerly known as PTK-0796 [58]) received FDA approval on October 2, 2018, for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia [59] and acute skin and skin structure infections. [60]
The first in a new class of narrow-spectrum macrocyclic antibiotics, fidaxomicin, has been approved for the treatment of C. difficile colitis. [162] New cephalosporin-lactamase inhibitor combinations also approved include ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-avibactam for complicated urinary tract infection and intra-abdominal infection.
Dicloxacillin is a narrow-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. [1] It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible (non-resistant) Gram-positive bacteria. [1] It is active against beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, which would otherwise be resistant to most penicillins.
Methicillin , also known as meticillin , is a narrow-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. Methicillin was discovered in 1960. [1] Medical uses