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The resulting string is encoded using a variant of Base64 (+/ and with padding). The authorization method and a space character (e.g. "Basic ") is then prepended to the encoded string. For example, if the browser uses Aladdin as the username and open sesame as the password, then the field's value is the Base64 encoding of Aladdin:open sesame ...
Because Base64 is a six-bit encoding, and because the decoded values are divided into 8-bit octets, every four characters of Base64-encoded text (4 sextets = 4 × 6 = 24 bits) represents three octets of unencoded text or data (3 octets = 3 × 8 = 24 bits). This means that when the length of the unencoded input is not a multiple of three, the ...
It applies a hash function to the username and password before sending them over the network. In contrast, basic access authentication uses the easily reversible Base64 encoding instead of hashing, making it non-secure unless used in conjunction with TLS.
The decoded challenge is hashed using HMAC-MD5, with a shared secret (typically, the user's password, or a hash thereof) as the secret key. The hashed challenge is converted to a string of lowercase hex digits. The username and a space character are prepended to the hex digits. The concatenation is then base64-encoded and sent to the server
Content-Encoding: The type of encoding used on the data. See HTTP compression. Content-Encoding: gzip: Permanent RFC 9110: Content-Length: The length of the request body in octets (8-bit bytes). Content-Length: 348: Permanent RFC 9110: Content-MD5: A Base64-encoded binary MD5 sum of the content of the request body. Content-MD5 ...
To prevent the user name and password being read directly by a person, they are encoded as a sequence of base-64 characters before transmission. into something like As user name and password may contain special or even binary characters, they are encoded as a sequence of base-64 characters before transmission.
As with all SMTP extensions, SMTP AUTH is advertised in the EHLO response, along with a list of supported authentication methods. These methods may change after issuing STARTTLS, typically allowing plain text passwords in the latter case only. RFC 4954 provides the following example ("C:" and "S:" are not part of the protocol, they indicate ...
A binary-to-text encoding is encoding of data in plain text. More precisely, it is an encoding of binary data in a sequence of printable characters . These encodings are necessary for transmission of data when the communication channel does not allow binary data (such as email or NNTP ) or is not 8-bit clean .