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[2] [3] [4] When conditional compilation is done via a preprocessor that does not guarantee syntactically correct output in the source language, such as the C preprocessor, this may lead to hard-to-debug compilation errors, [5] [6] [7] which is sometimes called "#ifdef hell." [8] [9]
The first C Standard specified that __STDC__ expand to "1" if the implementation conforms to the ISO standard and "0" otherwise and that __STDC_VERSION__ expand to a numeric literal specifying the version of the standard supported by the implementation. Standard C++ compilers support the __cplusplus macro. Compilers running in non-standard mode ...
For #include guards to work properly, each guard must test and conditionally set a different preprocessor macro. Therefore, a project using #include guards must work out a coherent naming scheme for its include guards, and make sure its scheme doesn't conflict with that of any third-party headers it uses, or with the names of any globally visible macros.
If-then-else flow diagram A nested if–then–else flow diagram. In computer science, conditionals (that is, conditional statements, conditional expressions and conditional constructs) are programming language constructs that perform different computations or actions or return different values depending on the value of a Boolean expression, called a condition.
Using #pragma once allows the C preprocessor to include a header file when it is needed and to ignore an #include directive otherwise. This has the effect of altering the behavior of the C preprocessor itself, and allows programmers to express file dependencies in a simple fashion, obviating the need for manual management.
The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...
C++ began as a fork of an early, pre-standardized C, and was designed to be mostly source-and-link compatible with C compilers of the time. [1] [2] Due to this, development tools for the two languages (such as IDEs and compilers) are often integrated into a single product, with the programmer able to specify C or C++ as their source language.
The following is a C-style While loop.It continues looping while x does not equal 3, or in other words it only stops looping when x equals 3.However, since x is initialized to 0 and the value of x is never changed in the loop, the loop will never end (infinite loop).