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Regenerative braking has a similar energy equation to the equation for the mechanical flywheel. Regenerative braking is a two-step process involving the motor/generator and the battery. The initial kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy by the generator and is then converted into chemical energy by the battery.
Regenerative braking – The drive motor becomes a generator and recovers energy by converting kinetic to electrical energy, also slowing the vehicle and preventing thermal losses. In addition: May be plugged into the grid to recharge the battery. Supercapacitors assist the battery and recover most energy from braking.
The rotating shaft of the motor was also the axle for the wheels. In the case of French TGV power cars, a motor mounted to the power car's frame drives each axle; a "tripod" drive allows a small amount of flexibility in the drive train allowing the trucks bogies to pivot. By mounting the relatively heavy traction motor directly to the power car ...
The regenerative braking control was designed "to provide the same brake pedal "feel" as a conventional car. [13] This was the first use of regenerative braking technology in the U.S. automobile industry. [14] [15] Altogether, the system provided the car with a range of 150-mile (241 km) when traveling at 50 mph (80 km/h). [16]
E-Four also adds additional regenerative braking. [2] In North America, Toyota uses the term AWD-i (All-Wheel Drive with Intelligence). [3] [4] [5] There is no drive shaft between the front combustion engine and rear wheels. The rear wheels only receive power and torque from the rear electric motor(s). [6] [7] [8]
KERS is also possible on a bicycle. The EPA, working with students from the University of Michigan, developed the hydraulic Regenerative Brake Launch Assist (RBLA) [30] This has also been demonstrated by mounting a flywheel on a bike frame and connecting it with a CVT to the back wheel. By shifting the gear, 20% of the kinetic energy can be ...
Hydraulic hybrids are said to be power dense, while electric hybrids are energy dense.This means that electric hybrids, while able to deliver large amounts of energy over long periods of time are limited by the rate at which the chemical energy in the batteries is converted to mechanical energy and vice versa.
Electric motorcycles can use regenerative braking to both slow the motorcycle down and recharge the batteries at the same. KTM secretly raced a machine with a KERS style regenerative braking system during the 2008 Valenican 125 cc Grand Prix. Although deemed in contravention of the rules, the use of a KERS system preceded its use in Formula 1.