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Zinc dust was then stirred in, reducing the oxime group to the amine. This reduction consumes two equivalents of zinc and four equivalents of acetic acid. Knorr 1886 synthesis. Modern practice is to add the oxime solution resulting from the nitrosation and the zinc dust gradually to a well-stirred solution of ethyl acetoacetate in glacial ...
The Reformatsky reaction (sometimes transliterated as Reformatskii reaction) is an organic reaction which condenses aldehydes or ketones with α-halo esters using metallic zinc to form β-hydroxy-esters: [1] [2] The Reformatsky reaction. The organozinc reagent, also called a 'Reformatsky enolate', is prepared by treating an alpha-halo ester ...
The Simmons–Smith reagent is used to prepare cyclopropanes from olefin using methylene iodide as the methylene source. The reaction is effected with zinc. The key zinc-intermediate formed is a carbenoid (iodomethyl)zinc iodide which reacts with alkenes to afford the cyclopropanated product. The rate of forming the active zinc species is ...
Raney nickel, platinum on carbon, or zinc dust and formic acid or ammonium formate [6] α,β-Unsaturated nitro compounds can be reduced to saturated amines by: Catalytic hydrogenation over palladium-on-carbon; Iron metal; Lithium aluminium hydride [27] (Note: Hydroxylamines and oximes are typical impurities.)
Zinc–copper couple is an alloy of zinc and copper that is employed as a reagent in organic synthesis.The “couple” was popularized after the report by Simmons and Smith, published in 1959, on its application as an activated source of zinc required for formation of an organozinc reagent in the Simmons–Smith cyclopropanation of alkenes. [1]
Zinc oxide is used as a white pigment in paints. Roughly one quarter of all zinc output in the United States in 2009 was consumed in zinc compounds; [122] a variety of which are used industrially. Zinc oxide is widely used as a white pigment in paints and as a catalyst in the manufacture of rubber to disperse
Grignard reagents, (organo-magnesium compounds), which are easier to handle and less flammable, replaced organo-zinc compounds in most laboratory syntheses. Due to differences in reactivity (as well as in reaction byproducts) between organo-zinc compounds and Grignard reagents, organo-zinc compounds may be preferred in some syntheses. [6]
The Merrill–Crowe Process is a separation technique for removing gold from the solution obtained by the cyanide leaching of gold ores. It is an improvement of the MacArthur-Forrest process, where an additional vacuum is managed to remove air in the solution (invention of Crowe), and zinc dust is used instead of zinc shavings (improvement of Merrill).