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A paper-ruling machine is a device for ruling paper. In 1770, John Tetlow was awarded a patent for a "machine for ruling paper for music and other purposes." [1] William Orville Hickok invented an "improved ruling machine" in the mid-19th century. [2] As the device is designed for drawing lines on paper, it can produce tables and ruled paper.
Initially, paper was ruled by hand, sometimes using templates. [1] Scribes could rule their paper using a "hard point," a sharp implement which left embossed lines on the paper without any ink or color, [2] or could use "metal point," an implement which left colored marks on the paper, much like a graphite pencil, though various other metals were used.
IndiaMART InterMESH Ltd is an Indian B2B online marketplace, connecting buyers and suppliers. It is headquartered in Noida . The company started its operations in 1996 when Dinesh Agarwal and Brijesh Agrawal founded the website IndiaMART.com, [ 3 ] a business-to-business portal to connect Indian manufacturers with buyers.
[11] [12] In a ruling on a case filed against the usage of EVMs in the by-election, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the Representation of People Act, 1951 and the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 specified the usage of paper ballots and forbade the use of any new methods including electronic voting. The court stated the manner in which the ...
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A paper machine (or paper-making machine) is an industrial machine which is used in the pulp and paper industry to create paper in large quantities at high speed. Modern paper-making machines are based on the principles of the Fourdrinier Machine, which uses a moving woven mesh to create a continuous paper web by filtering out the fibres held ...
A typical crossing time for a sensor platform is 10–30 s (an 8 m web, 60 cm/s). The sensor platform scans across the paper web and continuously measures paper characteristics from edge to edge. It can also be directed and stopped to a specific, fixed point on the web to measure the machine-direction (MD) variation at a single point.
It would be useful to distinguish the term graph paper for graphing from general-purpose grid paper. In the current version of the ruled paper article, the lead paragraphs are clearly about the horizontally-ruled writing papers, but the General types section digresses to cover log-log and musical rulings.