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Davisson and Germer's accidental discovery of the diffraction of electrons was the first direct evidence confirming de Broglie's hypothesis that particles can have wave properties as well. Davisson's attention to detail, his resources for conducting basic research, the expertise of colleagues, and luck all contributed to the experimental success.
This type of experiment was first performed by Thomas Young in 1801, as a demonstration of the wave behavior of visible light. [1] In 1927, Davisson and Germer and, independently, George Paget Thomson and his research student Alexander Reid [2] demonstrated that electrons show the same behavior, which was later extended to atoms and molecules.
In 1927, matter waves were first experimentally confirmed to occur in George Paget Thomson and Alexander Reid's diffraction experiment [21] and the Davisson–Germer experiment, [22] [23] both for electrons.
Lester Halbert Germer (October 10, 1896 – October 3, 1971) was an American physicist. [1] With Clinton Davisson, he proved the wave-particle duality of matter in the Davisson–Germer experiment, which was important to the development of the electron microscope. These studies supported the theoretical work of De Broglie.
Clinton Joseph Davisson (October 22, 1881 – February 1, 1958) was an American physicist who won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of electron diffraction in the famous Davisson–Germer experiment. Davisson shared the Nobel Prize with George Paget Thomson, who independently discovered electron diffraction at about the same ...
One month after Davisson and Germer's work appeared, Thompson and Reid published their electron-diffraction work with higher kinetic energy (thousand times higher than the energy used by Davisson and Germer) in the same journal. Those experiments revealed the wave property of electrons and opened up an era of electron-diffraction study.
He revealed the history of the Earth's magnetic field by the study of the magnetic orientation of minerals in rocks. [1] He is also noted for his unpublished proposal of the wave-like diffraction of electron particles by a crystal. The subsequent Davisson–Germer experiment showing this effect led to a Nobel Prize in Physics. [2]
Davisson–Germer experiment: Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer: Confirmation De Broglie hypothesis: 1924 Bothe–Geiger coincidence experiment: Walther Bothe and Hans Geiger: Confirmation Compton effect / conservation of energy: 1925 Michelson–Gale–Pearson experiment: Albert A. Michelson and Henry G. Gale: Measurement Earth's rotation ...