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A corpus callosotomy (/ k ə ˈ l ɔː s (ə) t ə m iː /) is a palliative surgical procedure for the treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. [1] The procedure was first performed in 1940 by William P. van Wagenen. [ 2 ]
At the time this article was written, only ten patients had undergone the surgery to sever their corpus callosum (corpus callosotomy). Four of these patients had consented to participate in Sperry and Gazzaniga's research. After the corpus callosum severing, all four participants' personality, intelligence, and emotions appeared to be unaffected.
The first anatomical hemispherectomy was performed and described in 1928 by Walter Dandy.This was done as an attempt to treat glioma, a brain tumor. [1] The first known anatomical hemispherectomy performed as a treatment for intractable epilepsy was in 1938 by Kenneth McKenzie, a Canadian neurosurgeon. [2]
The symptoms of refractory (difficult to treat) epilepsy can be reduced by cutting through the corpus callosum in an operation known as a corpus callosotomy lobotomy paralysis. [28] This is usually reserved for cases in which complex or grand mal seizures are produced by an epileptogenic focus on one side of the brain, causing an ...
If the person has frequent seizures, any improvement will be obvious after a short time. However, if the seizures generally occur far apart it may take months to determine whether the time between seizures is increasing. At some epilepsy centers, patients are offered additional conventional or experimental medications before surgery is considered.
Dual consciousness (also known as dual mind or divided consciousness) is a hypothesis in neuroscience.It is proposed that it is possible that a person may develop two separate conscious entities within their one brain after undergoing a corpus callosotomy.
Recovery after ATL can take several weeks to months. Anti-seizure medications will be continued for several months after ATL. As it is an open surgery it takes time for the brain to heal. [10] Speech therapy, occupational therapy, etc. can help recovery. About 90% of people experience an improvement in seizures after temporal lobectomy.
Approximately 50% of patients had an equal to or greater than 50% reduction in seizures at the time of last follow-up. [22] Long-term studies have shown that response to VNS increases over time. For instance, a study that followed 74 patients for 10–17 years found a seizure frequency reduction of 50-90% in 38.4%, 51.4%, 63.6% and 77.8% of ...