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The six steps of the technique are as follows: Palm to palm. Palm of left hand to the back of the right hand and vice versa. Palm to palm with fingers interlocked. Backs of fingers to the opposing palm. Rotational rubbing of each thumb clasped in the opposing palm.
In many countries, there is a low rate of hand washing with soap. A study of hand washing in 54 countries in 2015 found that on average, 38.7% of households practiced hand washing with soap. [27] A 2014 study showed that Saudi Arabia had the highest rate of 97%; the United States near the middle with 77%; and China with the lowest rate of 23%. [28]
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) state that "It is well documented that the most important measure for preventing the spread of pathogens is effective handwashing". [7] In the developed world, hand washing is mandatory in most health care settings and required by many different regulators. [citation needed]
The importance of hand washing for human health – particularly for people in vulnerable circumstances like mothers who had just given birth or wounded soldiers in hospitals – was first recognized in the mid 19th century by two pioneers of hand hygiene: the Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweis who worked in Vienna, Austria, and Florence ...
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The team at Birmingham (Ayliffe, J. R. Babb, A. H. Quoraishi) developed the six step hand-washing technique (known as the Ayliffe Technique). [5] [6] The technique was soon adopted by hospitals throughout the UK and was endorsed by the World Health Organization in 2009 and is similar to German standard DIN EN 1500 (hygienic hand disinfection).
It is measured under the Sustainable Development Goal 6.2, Indicator 6.2.1, as the "Proportion of population using (a) safely managed sanitation services and (b) a hand-washing facility with soap and water". [42] [9] The current value in the 2017 baseline estimate by JMP is that 4.5 billion people currently do not have safely managed sanitation ...