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  2. Antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic

    Common forms of antibiotic misuse include excessive use of prophylactic antibiotics in travelers and failure of medical professionals to prescribe the correct dosage of antibiotics on the basis of the patient's weight and history of prior use. Other forms of misuse include failure to take the entire prescribed course of the antibiotic ...

  3. Antimicrobial stewardship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_stewardship

    In the 1980s the antibiotic class of cephalosporins was introduced, further increasing bacterial resistance. During this decade infection control programs began to be established in hospitals, which systematically recorded and investigated hospital-acquired infections. Evidence-based treatment guidelines and regulation of antibiotic use surfaced.

  4. Combination antibiotic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combination_antibiotic

    One or both ingredients may be antibiotics. [1] Antibiotic combinations are increasingly important because of antimicrobial resistance. [2] This means that individual antibiotics that used to be effective are no longer effective, [1] and because of the absence of new classes of antibiotic, they allow old antibiotics to be continue to be used. [2]

  5. Infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection

    Depending on the severity and the type of infection, the antibiotic may be given by mouth or by injection, or may be applied topically. Severe infections of the brain are usually treated with intravenous antibiotics. Sometimes, multiple antibiotics are used in case there is resistance to one antibiotic. Antibiotics only work for bacteria and do ...

  6. Production of antibiotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_of_antibiotics

    Production of antibiotics is a naturally occurring event, that thanks to advances in science can now be replicated and improved upon in laboratory settings. Due to the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, and the efforts of Florey and Chain in 1938, large-scale, pharmaceutical production of antibiotics has been made possible.

  7. Antimicrobial spectrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_spectrum

    Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.

  8. Antibiotic synergy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic_synergy

    Antibiotic synergy is desirable in a clinic sense for several reasons. At the patient level, the boosted antimicrobial potency provided by synergy allows the body to more rapidly clear infections, resulting in shorter courses of antibiotic therapy. [3] Shorter courses of therapy in turn reduce the effects of dose-related toxicity, if applicable ...

  9. β-Lactamase inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Lactamase_inhibitor

    The main classes of β-lactam antibiotics used to treat gram-negative bacterial infections include (in approximate order of intrinsic resistance to cleavage by β-lactamases) penicillins (especially aminopenicillins and ureidopenicillins), 3rd generation cephalosporins, and carbapenems.