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Ruffini corpuscles respond to sustained pressure [4] and show very little adaptation. [5] Ruffinian endings are located in the deep layers of the skin, and register mechanical deformation within joints, more specifically angle change, with a specificity of up to 2.75 degrees, as well as continuous pressure states.
Angelo Ruffini (Pretare of Arquata del Tronto; 1864–1929) was an Italian histologist and embryologist. He studied medicine at the University of Bologna , where beginning in 1894 he taught classes in histology .
Lamellar corpuscles, or Pacinian corpuscles or Vater-Pacini corpuscle, are deformation or pressure receptors located in the skin and also in various internal organs. [8] Each is connected to a sensory neuron. Because of its relatively large size, a single lamellar corpuscle can be isolated and its properties studied.
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Pacinian corpuscles are larger and fewer in number than Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel cells and Ruffini's corpuscles. [7] They may measure up to 2 mm in length, and nearly 1 mm in diameter. [8] They are oval, spherical, or irregularly coiled in shape. Larger ones are visible to the naked eye. [3]
Today, the term "Vater-Pacini corpuscles" is sometimes used to credit the discoveries of both men. [2] These organs are one of several types of mechanoreceptors in the body, some others being Meissner corpuscles (tactile and touch receptors), Ruffini corpuscles (respond to skin stretch and torque), and Krause corpuscles.
Deep fascia is less extensible than superficial fascia.It is essentially avascular, [2] but is richly innervated with sensory receptors that report the presence of pain (nociceptors); change in movement (proprioceptors); change in pressure and vibration (mechanoreceptors); change in the chemical milieu (chemoreceptors); and fluctuation in temperature (thermoreceptors).
Tactile corpuscles or Meissner's corpuscles are a type of mechanoreceptor discovered by anatomist Georg Meissner (1829–1905) and Rudolf Wagner. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This corpuscle is a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to pressure .