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France and the World since 1870 (2001) ch 4: "French Intelligence" pp 80–109. Parry, D. L. L. "Clemenceau, Caillaux and the Political Use of Intelligence." Intelligence and National Security 9#3 (1994): 472-494. Porch, Douglas. The French Secret Services: A History of French Intelligence from the Drefus Affair to the Gulf War (Macmillan, 2003).
The organization was preceded by the Deuxième Bureau, which had been the French external military intelligence agency since 1871.. Following the defeat of France in 1940, the Vichy France regime's intelligence service was organized within the Centre d’information gouvernemental (Center for Government Information, CIG), under the direction of Admiral François Darlan.
A small intelligence section remained within the General Staff, but the Service de surveillance du territoire (Territorial Surveillance Service, SST), an agency of the Sûreté générale, became responsible for the pursuit of foreign spies on French soil. Counter-espionage was to be handled by special Sûreté police chiefs.
SO only operates on French soil, where it mounts secret HUMINT operations such as searching hotel rooms, opening mail or diplomatic pouches. In the year 2010/11, the DGSE has been training agents of Bahrain's National Security, the intelligence service which is trying to subdue the country's Shi'ite opposition protests.
The French Secret Service (1990). Faligot, Roger, and Pascal Krop. La Piscine: The French Secret Service since 1944 (Blackwell, 1989). Jackson, Peter. France and the Nazi Menace: Intelligence and Policy Making, 1933–1939 (2000). Keiger, John. France and the World since 1870 (2001) ch 4: "French Intelligence" pp 80–109. Luvaas, Jay.
Netflix's 2016 original series A Very Secret Service (French: Au service de la France) René Mathis from the James Bond novel Casino Royale is an SDECE operative, as the book takes place in 1951 and he's described as being from France's intelligence agency. Later, in From Russia With Love, he is promoted to head of the SDECE.
National Ballistics Intelligence Service (NBIS) [47] – Illegal firearms intelligence analysis. National Fraud Intelligence Bureau (NFIB) [48] – Economic crime intelligence gathering and analysis. Foreign intelligence Secret Intelligence Service (SIS)/MI6 [49] – Foreign intelligence gathering and analysis.
The agency was created in 2008 under the name Central Directorate of Interior Intelligence (French: Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur, DCRI), merging the Direction centrale des renseignements généraux (RG) and the Direction de la surveillance du territoire (DST) of the National Police.