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Working from diverse perspectives, Frank Smith and Kenneth S. Goodman developed the theory of a unified single reading process that comprises an interaction between reader, text and language. [21] On the whole, Smith's writing challenges conventional teaching and diverts from popular assumptions about reading. [22]
Reading is an area that has been extensively studied via the computational model system. The dual-route cascaded model (DRC) was developed to understand the dual-route to reading in humans. [14] Some commonalities between human reading and the DRC model are: [5] Frequently occurring words are read aloud faster than non-frequently occurring words.
Robert Chilton Calfee (January 26, 1933 – October 23, 2014) was an American educational psychologist specializing in the study of reading and writing processes and instruction. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] He is known for his work on Project Read [ 3 ] and the LeapFrog learning system.
[3] [4] Ehri is known for her theory of orthographic mapping, [5] [6] which describes the process of forming "letter-sound connections to bond the spellings, pronunciations, and meanings of specific words in memory" [7] that underlies fluent reading. As a consequence of orthographic mapping, written words are tightly linked with their ...
His concept of reading as an analogue to language development has been studied by brain researchers such as Sally Shaywitz, who rejected the theory on the grounds that reading does not develop naturally in the absence of instruction. Despite this, the theory continues to receive support from some scholars.
This inclusion of Rosenblatt's "transactional" theory within the designation "reader-response," however, needs to be contested. Rosenblatt herself contended that she was never propounding a view of reading centered on isolated, individual readers as was the case with "reception theory."
How to Read a Book is a book by the American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler. Originally published in 1940, it was heavily revised for a 1972 edition, co-authored by Adler with editor Charles Van Doren. The 1972 revision gives guidelines for critically reading good and great books of any tradition.
Gray also worked with Zerna Sharp, a reading consultant and textbook editor for Scott Foresman, on reading texts for elementary school children. Sharp developed the characters of "Dick," "Jane," and "Sally" (and their pets, "Spot" and "Puff") and edited the series of books that became known as the Dick and Jane readers.