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Provides priority queue interface in terms of push / pop / top operations (the element with the highest priority is on top). Any random-access sequence supporting operations front (), push_back (), and pop_back can be used to instantiate priority_queue (e.g. vector and deque). It is implemented using a heap.
Several of the C++ Standard Library container types have push_back and pop_back operations with LIFO semantics; additionally, the stack template class adapts existing containers to provide a restricted API with only push/pop operations. PHP has an SplStack class.
push_front: push_front: push_front: Inserts elements to the beginning emplace_front: emplace_front: emplace_front: Constructs elements in-place at the beginning pop_front: pop_front: pop_front: Removes the first element push_back: push_back: push_back — Inserts elements to the end emplace_back: emplace_back: emplace_back
The stack frame usually includes at least the following items (in push order): the arguments (parameter values) passed to the routine (if any); the return address back to the routine's caller (e.g. in the DrawLine stack frame, an address into DrawSquare's code); and; space for the local variables of the routine (if any).
The name "peek" is similar to the basic "push" and "pop" operations on a stack, but the name for this operation varies depending on data type and language. Peek is generally considered an inessential operation, compared with the more basic operations of adding and removing data, and as such is not included in the basic definition of these data ...
A queue has two ends, the top, which is the only position at which the push operation may occur, and the bottom, which is the only position at which the pop operation may occur. A queue may be implemented as circular buffers and linked lists, or by using both the stack pointer and the base pointer.
The containers are defined in headers named after the names of the containers, e.g., unordered_set is defined in header <unordered_set>.All containers satisfy the requirements of the Container concept, which means they have begin(), end(), size(), max_size(), empty(), and swap() methods.
In computer programming, a callback is a function that is stored as data (a reference) and designed to be called by another function – often back to the original abstraction layer. A function that accepts a callback parameter may be designed to call back before returning to its caller which is known as synchronous or blocking.