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Classification and diagnosis of the underlying disease of hyperbilirubinemia are crucial for prescription of treatment. [6]Physical examination reviews clinical symptoms like degree of jaundice, vital signs and sensations of pain, further followed by urine tests, blood analysis and imaging.
The bilirubin-UGT enzyme performs a chemical reaction called glucuronidation. Glucuronic acid is transferred to unconjugated bilirubin, which is a yellowish pigment made when your body breaks down old red blood cells, [35] and then being converted to conjugated bilirubin during the reaction. Conjugated bilirubin passes from the liver into the ...
Choluria (or bilirubinuria) is a symptom defining an abnormal darkness of the urine, mainly due to a high level of conjugated bilirubin. [1] [2] Choluria is a common symptom of liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis. It can be described as dark or brown urine, often referred to as the color of Coca-Cola.
In addition, imaging of the kidneys (for structure and presence of two kidneys) is sometimes carried out, and/or a biopsy of the kidneys. The first test will be a urinalysis to test for high levels of proteins, [35] as a healthy subject excretes an insignificant amount of protein in their urine. The test will involve a 24-hour bedside urinary ...
Treatment of the condition is specific to the cause of hemolysis, but intense phototherapy and exchange transfusion can be used to help the patient excrete accumulated bilirubin. [11] Complications related to hemolytic jaundice include hyperbilirubinemia and chronic bilirubin encephalopathy , which may be deadly without proper treatment.
<25% long-term kidney problems, which for some of these, could include chronic kidney dysfunction or even failure (which could ultimately need dialysis or transplantation to treat); [1] 5% risk of death during the illness in developed countries with treatment: Frequency: 1.5 per 100,000 per year [5] Deaths <5% risk of death [1]
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