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An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times the taxable income. Taxation rates may vary by type or characteristics of the taxpayer and the type of income.
Specific utility taxes - in this case, certain services are provided on a utility basis and consumers are charged fees, user charges, or tolls. Taxes instead of fees - In cases where direct fees are costly to impose, a tax on the free product can be used instead of fees. For example, taxes can be used in lieu of tolls on automobiles.
Personal income tax is a tax levied on income earned by individuals, and its rates are adjusted according to the jurisdiction of each country. It serves as a significant source of revenue for the government, which is then utilized for funding public goods and services.
Direct tax is a tax paid by a person, as opposed to a tax levied on a business that the person indirectly pays. Double taxation is when a tax is paid twice on the same income or item. Indirect tax is a tax collected by an intermediary (such as a store) on behalf of the person who actually is required to pay (such as a customer)
[30] According to this definition, for example, income tax is "direct", and sales tax is "indirect". In law, the terms may have different meanings. In U.S. constitutional law, for instance, direct taxes refer to poll taxes and property taxes, which are based on simple existence or ownership.
Taxable income refers to the base upon which an income tax system imposes tax. [1] In other words, the income over which the government imposed tax. Generally, it includes some or all items of income and is reduced by expenses and other deductions. [2] The amounts included as income, expenses, and other deductions vary by country or system.
The list focuses on the main types of taxes: corporate tax, individual income tax, and sales tax, including VAT and GST and capital gains tax, but does not list wealth tax or inheritance tax. Personal income tax includes all applicable taxes, including all unvested social security contributions.
Under that table for 2016, the income tax in the above example would be $3,980.00. [36] In addition to income tax, a wage earner would also have to pay Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA) (and an equal amount of FICA tax must be paid by the employer): $40,000 (adjusted gross income) $40,000 × 6.2% [37] = $2,480 (Social Security portion)