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As a rule of thumb, the boiling point rises 20–30 °C for each carbon added to the chain; this rule applies to other homologous series. [18] A straight-chain alkane will have a boiling point higher than a branched-chain alkane due to the greater surface area in contact, and thus greater van der Waals forces, between adjacent molecules.
Boiling point (°C) K b (°C⋅kg/mol) Freezing point (°C) K f (°C⋅kg/mol) Data source; Aniline: 184.3 3.69 –5.96 –5.87 K b & K f [1] Lauric acid:
However the higher melting points of these alkanes can cause problems at low temperatures and in polar regions, where the fuel becomes too thick to flow correctly. Mixtures of the normal alkanes are used as boiling point standards for simulated distillation by gas chromatography. [1]
The following is a list of straight-chain alkanes, the total number of isomers of each (including branched chains), and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Number of C atoms
This is a list of the various reported boiling points for the elements, with recommended values to be used elsewhere on Wikipedia. For broader coverage of this topic, see Boiling point . Boiling points, Master List format
Normal boiling points of straight chain alkanes Within that series, many physical properties such as boiling point gradually change with increasing mass. For example, ethane (C 2 H 6 ), has a higher boiling point than methane (CH 4 ).
Boiling point: 317 °C (603 °F; 590 K) Vapor pressure ... Octadecane is distinguished by being the alkane with the lowest carbon number that is unambiguously solid ...
Boiling point: −11.7 °C ... It is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom. Isobutane is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, ...