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Traditional burial customs show a strong belief in life after death and the need for ancestor veneration among the living; Confucian philosophy calls for paying respect to one's ancestors as an act of filial piety (孝 xiào). [3] [6] These ideals still inform funeral rites for many Chinese people today.
Zhizha (simplified Chinese: 纸扎; traditional Chinese: 紙紮; pinyin: zhǐzā), or Taoist paper art, is a type of traditional craft, mainly used as offerings in Taoist festive celebrations and funerals. It had become a widely accepted element in religious practice since Northern Song Dynasty. It now faces a gradual loss of craftsmanship due ...
Joss paper, as well as other papier-mâché items, are also burned or buried in various Asian funerals, "to ensure that the spirit of the deceased has sufficient means in the afterlife". In Taiwan alone, the annual revenue that temples received from burning joss paper was US$400 million (NT$13 billion) as of 2014.
Offerings would typically include traditional food dishes and the burning of joss sticks and joss paper. [8] [9] [14] The holiday recognizes the traditional reverence of one's ancestors in Chinese culture. [8] The origins of the Qingming Festival go back more than 2500 years, although the observance has changed significantly.
Chinese funerals (mainly Taoist funerals) are the occasions that require paper offerings most. Paper horses and paper goats are a must in the funeral ceremony. [10] Those offerings, used for liberating souls from purgatory and fulfilling the needs of the souls in the underworld, [11] consist paper currency, clothes, food, houses and transport ...
Professional mourners have been regular attendees of Chinese funerals since 756. [8] The tradition of professional mourning stemmed from theatrical performances that would occur during funerary processions. [8] There were musical performances at funerals as early as the third century. Scholar Jeehee Hong describes one such scene:
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Guo zi (Chinese: 果子; pinyin: guǒzi), also called eight samples of xuzhou, is a traditional Chinese sweet food including eight kinds of xiaochi and popular in the northern regions. People usually eat it in festival or ceremony.