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Plaque commemorating J. J. Thomson's discovery of the electron outside the old Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge Autochrome portrait by Georges Chevalier, 1923 Thomson c. 1920–1925 Thomson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) [ 24 ] [ 49 ] and appointed to the Cavendish Professorship of Experimental Physics at the Cavendish ...
Eötvös experiment: Loránd Eötvös: Measurement Ratio between inertial and gravitational mass: 1887 Michelson–Morley experiment: Albert A. Michelson and Edward W. Morley: Negative result Luminiferous aether: 1897 Thomson experiment: J. J. Thomson: Discovery Electron: 1901 Trouton–Noble experiment: Frederick Thomas Trouton and H. R. Noble ...
Thomson was an enthusiastic yachtsman, his interest in all things relating to the sea perhaps arising from, or fostered by, his experiences on the Agamemnon and the Great Eastern. Thomson introduced a new method of deep-sea depth sounding, in which a steel piano wire replaces the ordinary hand line. The wire glides so easily to the bottom that ...
Thomson's model marks the moment when the development of atomic theory passed from chemists to physicists. While atomic theory was widely accepted by chemists by the end of the 19th century, physicists remained skeptical because the atomic model lacked any properties which concerned their field, such as electric charge, magnetic moment, volume, or absolute mass.
[3] [4] In it, Thomson developed a mathematical treatment of the motions of William Thomson and Peter Tait's atoms. [5] When Thomson later discovered the electron (for which he received a Nobel Prize), he abandoned his "nebular atom" hypothesis based on the vortex atomic theory, in favour of his plum pudding model.
Thomson's student Francis William Aston [6] continued the research at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, building the first full functional mass spectrometer that was reported in 1919. [7] He was able to identify isotopes of chlorine (35 and 37), bromine (79 and 81), and krypton (78, 80, 82, 83, 84 and 86), proving that these natural ...
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Silliman, Robert H., William Thomson: Smoke Rings and Nineteenth-Century Atomism, Isis, Vol. 54, No. 4. (Dec., 1963), pp. 461–474. JSTOR link; Movie Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine of a modern recreation of Tait's smoke ring experiment; The history of knots