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Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used method for factor extraction, which is the first phase of EFA. [4] Factor weights are computed to extract the maximum possible variance, with successive factoring continuing until there is no further meaningful variance left. [4] The factor model must then be rotated for analysis.
Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. In linear algebra, an eigenvector (/ ˈaɪɡən -/ EYE-gən-) or characteristic vector is a vector that has its direction unchanged (or reversed) by a given linear transformation. More precisely, an eigenvector, , of a linear transformation, , is scaled by a constant factor, , when the linear transformation is ...
In multivariate statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is a statistical method used to uncover the underlying structure of a relatively large set of variables. EFA is a technique within factor analysis whose overarching goal is to identify the underlying relationships between measured variables. [1] It is commonly used by researchers ...
In multivariate statistics, a scree plot is a line plot of the eigenvalues of factors or principal components in an analysis. [1] The scree plot is used to determine the number of factors to retain in an exploratory factor analysis (FA) or principal components to keep in a principal component analysis (PCA).
Rayleigh–Ritz method. The Rayleigh–Ritz method is a direct numerical method of approximating eigenvalues, originated in the context of solving physical boundary value problems and named after Lord Rayleigh and Walther Ritz. In this method, an infinite-dimensional linear operator is approximated by a finite-dimensional compression, on which ...
In statistics, a varimax rotation is used to simplify the expression of a particular sub-space in terms of just a few major items each. The actual coordinate system is unchanged, it is the orthogonal basis that is being rotated to align with those coordinates. The sub-space found with principal component analysis or factor analysis is expressed ...
Replication (statistics) In engineering, science, and statistics, replication is the process of repeating a study or experiment under the same or similar conditions to support the original claim, which is crucial to confirm the accuracy of results as well as for identifying and correcting the flaws in the original experiment. [1] ASTM, in ...
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a linear dimensionality reduction technique with applications in exploratory data analysis, visualization and data preprocessing. The data is linearly transformed onto a new coordinate system such that the directions (principal components) capturing the largest variation in the data can be easily identified.