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Fixed ladders consist of the following components: Rungs : all fixed ladders have rungs, dictated by OSHA Standard 1910.27(b)(1) of no more than 12" (300 mm) on center (measured as the distance from the centerline of a rung to the center line of the next rung), and at 16" (410 mm) clear width.
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
An architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building (or building project) that falls within the definition of architecture.Architectural drawings are used by architects and others for a number of purposes: to develop a design idea into a coherent proposal, to communicate ideas and concepts, to convince clients of the merits of a design, to assist a building ...
In construction, a dwang (Scotland and New Zealand), [1] [2] [3] nogging piece, nogging, noggin or nog (England and Australia; all derived from brick nog), [4] [5] or blocking (North America), is a horizontal bracing piece used between wall studs to give rigidity to the wall frames of a building. Noggings may be made of timber, steel, or aluminium.
A ladder standoff, or stay, is a device fitted to the top of a ladder to hold it away from the wall. This enables the ladder to clear overhanging obstacles, such as the eaves of a roof, and increases the safe working height for a given length of ladder because of the increased separation distance of the two contact points at the top of the ladder.
A-frame contour measuring spirit level; A frame camping tent; A-frame complex, a motif in chemistry; Folding ladder; Double wishbone suspension (cars) Some suspension bridges; Some swing bridges; A-frame level: An A-frame with a plumb line hung from the vertex, used to establish a horizontal line; known in ancient Egypt, these were used in ...
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The dimensions of a stair, in particular the rise height and going of the steps, should remain the same along the stairs. [14] The following stair dimensions are important: The rise height or rise of each step is measured from the top of one tread to the next. It is not the physical height of the riser; the latter excludes the thickness of the ...