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Hezekiah (/ ˌ h ɛ z ɪ ˈ k aɪ. ə /; Biblical Hebrew: חִזְקִיָּהוּ , romanized: Ḥizqiyyāhu), or Ezekias [c] (born c. 741 BCE, sole ruler c. 716/15–687/86), was the son of Ahaz and the thirteenth king of Judah according to the Hebrew Bible.
The latter part of the reigns of King Ahaz and King Hezekiah were periods of stability during which Judah was able to consolidate both politically and economically. Although Judah was a vassal of Assyria during this time and paid an annual tribute to the powerful empire, it was the most important state between Assyria and Egypt. [1]
The genealogy of the kings of Judah, along with the kings of Israel.. The Kings of Judah were the monarchs who ruled over the ancient Kingdom of Judah, which was formed in about 930 BC, according to the Hebrew Bible, when the United Kingdom of Israel split, with the people of the northern Kingdom of Israel rejecting Rehoboam as their monarch, leaving him as solely the King of Judah.
Under Hezekiah's rule in the Kingdom of Judah, the Neo-Assyrian Empire conquered and destroyed the northern kingdom 722 BCE leaving only the southern kingdom of Judah. The Bible judges all kings of Israel and Judah by their attitude towards Yahwism , and on this basis they all belong to one of the three categories: the good kings, the bad kings ...
Timeline showing the kings of Israel and Judah according to the chronology from Edwin R. Thiele. Kings that are known from contemporary extra-biblical sources are highlighted in yellow. Tentatively identified kings are highlighted in orange. Amariah son of Hezekiah, an ancestor of the prophet Zephaniah mentioned in the genealogy of Zephaniah 1: ...
Of the "good" kings, Hezekiah (727–698 BCE) is noted for his efforts at stamping out idolatry (in his case, the worship of Baal and Asherah, among other traditional Near Eastern divinities), [88] but his successors, Manasseh of Judah (698–642 BCE) and Amon (642–640 BCE), revived idolatry, which drew down on the kingdom the anger of Yahweh.
Manasseh was the first king of Judah who was not contemporary with the northern kingdom of Israel, which the Assyrians had destroyed c. 720 BC, deporting much of its population. He re-instituted polytheistic worship and reversed the religious changes made by his father Hezekiah – hence his condemnation in several biblical verses. [2]
Among the kings of Judah (after David and Solomon), the Chronicles record more extensively about Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 29–32), focusing his reform and restoration of the Temple and worship. [ 4 ] [ 16 ] Verses 1–19 parallel to 2 Kings 18 :1–12 with the addition of material of temple cleansing.