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  2. Margin classifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_classifier

    The margin for an iterative boosting algorithm given a dataset with two classes can be defined as follows: the classifier is given a sample pair (,), where is a domain space and = {, +} is the sample's label.

  3. Vector field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_field

    A vector field V defined on an open set S is called a gradient field or a conservative field if there exists a real-valued function (a scalar field) f on S such that = = (,,, …,). The associated flow is called the gradient flow , and is used in the method of gradient descent .

  4. Conservative vector field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_vector_field

    In vector calculus, a conservative vector field is a vector field that is the gradient of some function. [1] A conservative vector field has the property that its line integral is path independent; the choice of path between two points does not change the value of the line integral. Path independence of the line integral is equivalent to the ...

  5. Poincaré–Hopf theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincaré–Hopf_theorem

    The sum of indices of the zeroes of the old (and new) vector field is equal to the degree of the Gauss map from the boundary of N ε to the (n–1)-dimensional sphere. Thus, the sum of the indices is independent of the actual vector field, and depends only on the manifold M.

  6. Row and column spaces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row_and_column_spaces

    The row space of this matrix is the vector space spanned by the row vectors. The column vectors of a matrix. The column space of this matrix is the vector space spanned by the column vectors. In linear algebra, the column space (also called the range or image) of a matrix A is the span (set of all possible linear combinations) of its column ...

  7. Divergence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergence

    In vector calculus, divergence is a vector operator that operates on a vector field, producing a scalar field giving the quantity of the vector field's source at each point. More technically, the divergence represents the volume density of the outward flux of a vector field from an infinitesimal volume around a given point.

  8. Curl (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curl_(mathematics)

    Interchanging the vector field v and ∇ operator, we arrive at the cross product of a vector field with curl of a vector field: = () , where ∇ F is the Feynman subscript notation, which considers only the variation due to the vector field F (i.e., in this case, v is treated as being constant in space).

  9. Solenoidal vector field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solenoidal_vector_field

    An example of a solenoidal vector field, (,) = (,) In vector calculus a solenoidal vector field (also known as an incompressible vector field , a divergence-free vector field , or a transverse vector field ) is a vector field v with divergence zero at all points in the field: ∇ ⋅ v = 0. {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot \mathbf {v} =0.}