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The yield strength or yield stress is a material property and is the stress corresponding to the yield point at which the material begins to deform plastically. The yield strength is often used to determine the maximum allowable load in a mechanical component, since it represents the upper limit to forces that can be applied without producing ...
[1]: 58 For example, low-carbon steel generally exhibits a very linear stress–strain relationship up to a well-defined yield point. The linear portion of the curve is the elastic region, and the slope of this region is the modulus of elasticity or Young's modulus. Plastic flow initiates at the upper yield point and continues at the lower ...
Subsequent deformation requires a stress that varies linearly with the strain observed, the slope of the graph of stress vs. strain is the modulus of elasticity, as usual. The work-hardened steel bar fractures when the applied stress exceeds the usual fracture stress and the strain exceeds usual fracture strain.
Within the branch of materials science known as material failure theory, the Goodman relation (also called a Goodman diagram, a Goodman-Haigh diagram, a Haigh diagram or a Haigh-Soderberg diagram) is an equation used to quantify the interaction of mean and alternating stresses on the fatigue life of a material. [1]
Graph of Johnson's parabola (plotted in red) against Euler's formula, with the transition point indicated. The area above the curve indicates failure. The Johnson parabola creates a new region of failure. In structural engineering, Johnson's parabolic formula is an empirically based equation for calculating the critical buckling stress of a column.
The strength of materials is determined using various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as beams, columns, and shafts. The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the materials such as its yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus ...
As shown later in this article, at the onset of yielding, the magnitude of the shear yield stress in pure shear is √3 times lower than the tensile yield stress in the case of simple tension. Thus, we have: = where is tensile yield strength of the material. If we set the von Mises stress equal to the yield strength and combine the above ...
Isostatics or stress trajectories [7] are a system of curves which are at each material point tangent to the principal axes of stress - see figure [8] Isoclinics are curves on which the principal axes make a constant angle with a given fixed reference direction. These curves can also be obtained directly by photoelasticity methods.