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Phenolphthalein (/ f ɛ ˈ n ɒ l (f) θ ə l iː n / [citation needed] feh-NOL(F)-thə-leen) is a chemical compound with the formula C 20 H 14 O 4 and is often written as "HIn", "HPh", "phph" or simply "Ph" in shorthand notation. Phenolphthalein is often used as an indicator in acid–base titrations.
Paper form: It is a strip of coloured paper which changes colour to red if the solution is acidic and to blue, if the solution is basic. The strip can be placed directly onto a surface of a wet substance or a few drops of the solution can be dropped onto the universal indicator using dropping equipment.
Chemical structure of phenolphthalein, a common phthalein dye. Phthalein dyes are a class of dyes mainly used as pH indicators, due to their ability to change colors depending on pH. [1] They are formed by the reaction of phthalic anhydride with various phenols. They are a subclass of triarylmethane dyes. Common phthalein dyes include ...
Normally, the indicator causes the color of the solution to change depending on the pH. Indicators can also show change in other physical properties; for example, olfactory indicators show change in their odor. The pH value of a neutral solution is 7.0 at 25°C (standard laboratory conditions). Solutions with a pH value below 7.0 are considered ...
An acid-base indicator (e.g., phenolphthalein) changes color depending on the pH. Redox indicators are also frequently used. A drop of indicator solution is added to the titration at the start; when the color changes the endpoint has been reached, this is an approximation of the equivalence point. Conductance
Upon reduction, the very intense pink color of the cationic form of phenolphthalein fades to a faint yellow color. It is this form of phenolphthalein that is present in Kastle–Meyer test kits. In order to generate the intense pink color indicative of a positive test, the reduced phenolphthalein must be oxidized back to its normal, colored form.
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Animation of a strong acid–strong base neutralization titration (using phenolphthalein). The equivalence point is marked in red. The equivalence point is marked in red. In chemistry, neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences ) is a chemical reaction in which acid and a base react with an equivalent quantity of each other.