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Xerosis is a contributing factor to pruritus and is present in 50–85% of patients with uremic pruritus. [16] Many studies have shown that emollients such as glycerol and paraffin, [ 17 ] physiological lipids, [ 18 ] 10% urea and dexpanthenol , [ 19 ] and baby oil [ 20 ] can reduce xerosis and pruritus in patients with uremic pruritus.
Urethral syndrome is defined as symptoms suggestive of a lower urinary tract infection but in the absence of significant bacteriuria with a conventional pathogen. [1] It is a diagnosis of exclusion in patients with dysuria and frequency without demonstrable infection. [2] In women, vaginitis should also be ruled out. [3]
It affects about 2–6% of men. [3] Together with IC/BPS, it makes up urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS). [4] The cause is unknown. [1] Diagnosis involves ruling out other potential causes of the symptoms such as bacterial prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, overactive bladder, and cancer. [2] [5]
Prevalence increases with age. The prevalence of nocturia in older men is about 78%. Older men have a higher incidence of LUTS than older women. [25] Around one third of men will develop urinary tract (outflow) symptoms, of which the principal underlying cause is benign prostatic hyperplasia. [26]
OAB causes similar symptoms to some other conditions such as urinary tract infection (UTI), bladder cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Urinary tract infections often involve pain and hematuria (blood in the urine) which are typically absent in OAB. Bladder cancer usually includes hematuria and can include pain, both not associated ...
For men, the signs and symptoms are discharge from the penis, burning or pain when urinating, itching, irritation, or tenderness. In women, the signs and symptoms are discharge from vagina, burning or pain when urinating, anal or oral infections, abdominal pain, or abnormal vaginal bleeding, which may be an indication that the infection has ...
They could exhibit vague symptoms akin to those of numerous other urinary illnesses and ailments. Symptoms include suprapubic or perianal pain, hematuria , urine retention , [ 3 ] lower urinary tract symptoms such as incomplete emptying, urgency, and frequency, [ 4 ] and obstructive urinary symptoms.
The symptoms of tinea cruris may be similar to other causes of itch in the groin. [3] Its appearance may be similar to some other rashes that occur in skin folds including candidal intertrigo , erythrasma , inverse psoriasis and seborrhoeic dermatitis .